Despite half a decade of sentencing reform efforts, America's jail and prison population is increasing at a rate of more than a thousand per week. The total number of people behind bars in the US at the end of last June was 2,186,230, up more than 56,000 over the previous year. Once again, the US retains its title as the world's most prison-crazy nation, holding onto first place in both prisoners per capita and total number of people imprisoned.